Parts of a Computer

All the hardware peripherals of a computer system are known as computer parts. Usually we found the following parts of a computer:

 

Keyboard

[ A keyboard is an input device. It enables user to input text into a computer. It is just like a traditional typewriter. It has all the standard keys just like a typewriter. ]

Mouse

[ A mouse is also an input device. It helps the computer users to instruct a computer to do a specific task. ]

 Joystick

[ A mouse is an input device. It is use to move an object on the computer screen in any direction. It often used to control the video games. ]

                                                        

Projector

[ A projector is an output device. It takes the images generated by a computer. You can use a projector to show your presentation on a large screen. ] 

          Monitor 

[ A monitor is an output device just like a television. It is also known as Video Display Unit (VDU). It is used to display the output from a computer. ]                                                    

Printer

[ A printer is also an output device. It accepts text and graphic output from a computer and transfer the same into a paper. ]

 

These devices are grouped as follows:

Input Devices:

It is required to enter data to the machine for carrying out the various operations on that data to have the prepared & processed result or output. Input devices are used to feed the data and instructions to the computer. Example: Keyboard, Mouse, Joystick etc.

Output Devices: As a result of data processing computer has to provide results to the user. Output devices are used to provide the results. In other words output devices are those devices which are used to display output or results to the user. Example: Monitor, Printer etc.

Central Processing Unit: The CPU is the control centre of a computer which is being responsible for processing. It is known as the brain of a computer. It consists of following sub units: Control Unit (CU), Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) and Memory.

Control Unit: The CU controls and guides the interpretation, flow and manipulation of all data and information. The CU sends control signals until the required operations are done properly by ALU and memory.

Arithmetic and Logic Unit: The ALU performs all the four arithmetical (+, -, *, /) and some logical (<, >, =, <=, >=) operations. For example when two numbers are required to be added, these numbers are sent from the memory to ALU where addition take place and the result is put back in the memory. For logical operations also, the numbers to be compared are sent from the memory to ALU where comparison takes place and the result is returned to the memory. The result of logical operation is either TRUE or FALSE.

Memory: The essential component of every computer is its memory. Without memory there could be no computers. Memory is used for storing both instructions to be executed and data. Memories are two types: Primary or Main Memory and Secondary Memory.

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